PEOPLEAkshit Gupta

de en it

Akshit Gupta

Researcher
Institute for Renewable Energy

T +39 0471 055 747

akshit.gupta@eurac.edu

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-5786

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About

I was born and brought up in Delhi, India. After my bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering at BITS Pilani, India, and a year of volunteering work, I moved to Italy in 2016 to pursue a masters at Politecnico di Milano with a full-scholarship from the Italian government. As an Architectural Engineering student I developed a solid background in high performance buildings and indoor environment quality. After graduation in 2018, I worked as a BIM Specialist in Milan for little more than a year, and collaborated in multi-disciplinary informational modelling, computational designing and software training. Currently, I am working as a junior researcher at the Institute for Renewable Energy, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy, and my main field of research is indoor air quality, natural ventilation, computational fluid dynamics, BIM and 3D modelling.

External Links:
Linkedin - https://www.linkedin.com/in/akshitgupta372/

Scientific Publications

Journal article2026

Digital information and data flow management for building envelope solutions: the MEZeroE BIM dataset tool as an Open Innovation Service

Sesana MM, Salvalai G, Dell’Oro P, Gupta A

Akshit Gupta

Project: EU H2020 MEZeroE - Measuring Envelope products and systems contributing to next generation of healthy nearly Zero Energy Buildings

Data inconsistency and limited interoperability among various stakeholders compromise data uniformity and hinder digitalization across all stages of the construction life cycle, thereby inhibiting effective collaboration in the development of innovative envelope construction solutions. To address these challenges, the MEZeroE project developed a novel standardized Building Information Modeling (BIM) dataset tool that enables stakeholders to access consistent, high-quality and application-specific data in a unified digital environment. This study presents the development and implementation of the MEZeroE standardized digital dataset tool, which introduces a structured and interoperable framework for data flow management specifically tailored to innovative building envelope solutions. By combining a systematic literature review with a Grounded Theory approach, the study identifies critical gaps in current practices and defines nine Construction Segments and fourteen envelope parameter categories, which represent a new standardized data structure for envelope solutions. The tool is integrated into the MEZeroE Virtual Marketplace, providing a practical digital infrastructure that supports BIM object creation, facilitates Digital Product Passport compliance, and enables real-time collaboration among designers, manufacturers, and other stakeholders. This integration enhances decision-making processes and accelerates the adoption and deployment of innovative building envelope technologies in real-world construction projects.

DOI Source

DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117252

Conference proceedings article2025

BREEZE Project: Advancing PV Implementation in Building Renovations

Celik D, Stierstorfer J, Morin C, Garabetian T, Pozza C, Babich F, Gupta A, Raul Morantes Quintana G,

Daniele Antonucci, Francesco Babich, Cristian Pozza, Laura Maturi, Akshit Gupta

Project: EU LIFE BREEZE - Building Renovation Efforts for Zero Emission Buildings

BREEZE (Building Renovation Efforts for Zero Emission Buildings) aims to accelerate the integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems into new and renovated buildings across EU Member States in line with the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD). The project supports national implementation of the Solar Mandate by addressing key technical, financial, and regulatory barriers to large-scale PV deployment. BREEZE focuses on the effective use of rooftop PV, building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), and balcony PV to improve building energy performance while maintaining architectural quality. By developing standardized tools and practical frameworks, the project promotes cost-effective PV integration in renovation projects and strengthens the link between energy efficiency and on-site renewable generation. Pilot activities in Poland, Italy, and France will test PV deployment strategies under different building types, climates, and regulatory conditions, generating insights applicable across the EU. In parallel, BREEZE advances energy performance assessment methods to ensure compliance with EPBD targets and Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) standards. Through capacity-building activities, policy guidance, and best practice development, the project equips policymakers, designers, and industry professionals with the knowledge and tools needed to support a coordinated, sustainable, and scalable approach to solar energy integration in Europe’s building sector.

DOI

DOI: 10.4229/EUPVSEC2025/5DV.3.42

Journal article2025

Personalized environmental control systems (PECS): A systematic review of performance evaluation methods for thermal comfort, air quality and energy

Al-Assaad D, Pigliautile I, Shinoda J, Rawal R, André M, Vashi S, Rugani R, Torriani G,

Francesco Babich, Akshit Gupta, Giulia Torriani

Personalized Environmental Control Systems (PECS) can improve both comfort and energy efficiency by shifting indoor climate control toward localized, occupant-tailored comfort, unlike conventional systems that condition entire, partly unoccupied spaces uniformly. . Despite their potential, the absence of standardized assessment and reporting methods, and the diversified PECS technical specifics hinder consistent performance evaluation practices. Conducted in the framework of IEA EBC’s Annex 87, this review, based on the PRISMA statement, provides a comprehensive overview of existing methods and indicators used to evaluate the performance of PECS, specifically targeting thermal and air quality domains. A novel three-layered classification approach was applied to categorize PECS types, and reviewed studies were grouped into four methodological categories: building simulation, CFD, chamber, and field studies. The review identifies methods’ usage trends, benefits, and limitations. Among 302 reviewed papers, more than half (61 %) adopt controlled laboratory tests, while CFD is the most used simulation method (68.6 % of simulation studies). Field studies are a minority, highlighting the limited implementation of PECS in real-world scenarios. Simulations are cost effective in rapidly prototyping and developing PECS. However, the insights they provide into PECS performance are limited by either model resolution constraints or high complexity. Comfort evaluations do not consider individual occupant differences nor behavior inherent to PECS. It is through experiments that knowledge can be gained on realistic occupant responses. However, they can be resource intensive and require careful planning. This review provides best practice guidelines to assist researchers in improving quality reporting of their methods.

DOI Source

DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113471

Journal article2025

Thermal comfort and perceived air quality (PAQ) using automatic ceiling fans in residential buildings

Gupta A, Torriani G, Torresin S, Pistore L, Pellegatti M, Piazza L, Miorin F, Pasut W,

Francesco Babich, Annamaria Belleri, Roberto Lollini, Akshit Gupta, Giulia Torriani

Project: EU H2020 CULTURAL-E: Climate and cultural based design and market valuable technology solutions for Plus Energy Houses

In warm climates, resilient and low-energy methods for cooling building occupants are needed to ensure energy-efficient and adaptive thermal comfort. Air movement, particularly through ceiling fans, is an effective way to provide comfort in warm conditions, potentially minimizing or even avoiding the need for more energy-intensive air conditioning systems. This study aims to validate an algorithm for automatically adapting ceiling fan speed in residential settings based on room thermal conditions and focuses on subjective thermal satisfaction and perceived air quality (PAQ). An environmental chamber study was conducted with 30 participants across three different indoor air temperature conditions (27 °C, 29 °C, and 31 °C) over 2-hour sessions, testing four fan operational modes: Automatic (downward flow), Manual Direct (downward flow), Manual Reverse (upward flow), and Off. Subjective thermal satisfaction and PAQ were measured using standardized questionnaires on a 7-point Likert scale. Results showed that automatic operation maintained comparable thermal satisfaction levels to manual control, with no statistically significant differences (p > 0.3) across all temperature conditions, indicating that the automatic algorithm successfully provided comfortable environmental conditions comparable to user-controlled settings. Direct flow mode (downward) significantly outperformed reverse flow mode in thermal satisfaction, especially at higher temperatures (29 °C and 31 °C, p < 0.05). Air movement in direct flow improved perceived air quality compared to the no fan condition across all temperatures (p < 0.05). Automatic fan control showed no difference in PAQ satisfaction across all temperature conditions (p > 0.2), while manual and off modes showed decreased satisfaction, particularly from 27 °C to 31 °C (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that automatic ceiling fans can achieve equivalent comfort satisfaction to manual operation while enabling a more energy-efficient alternative to traditional air conditioning. The validated automatic control system provides a practical pathway toward resilient and personalized cooling strategies in residential buildings, contributing to both climate change mitigation and the achievement of plus-energy building goals.

DOI Source

DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115317

Conference proceedings article2022

Transient three-dimensional CFD modelling of ceiling fans: a comparison between detailed and simplified models

Babich F, Gupta A, Pasut W

Francesco Babich, Akshit Gupta

Project: EU H2020 CULTURAL-E: Climate and cultural based design and market valuable technology solutions for Plus Energy Houses

DOI Source

DOI: 10.13124/9788860461919

Conference proceedings article2021

Indoor Air Quality Monitoring in a Historic School in South Tyrol, Italy

Avella F, Gupta A, Belleri A, Babich F, Peretti C, Fulici G, Verdi L

Francesco Babich, Annamaria Belleri, Akshit Gupta

Project: EU ITA-CH QAES - Air quality in school buildings

Children spend a large part of their growing years in schools, so it is essential to monitor and maximize the indoor air quality (IAQ) of the classrooms. In South Tyrol (northern Italy) many schools are characterised as historic and heritage buildings and improving IAQ poses a great challenge because of the need to maintain the integrity of the architectural characteristics of the structure. The aim of this paper is to provide insights into the effectiveness of a commercial low-cost smart CO2-based visual alerting system used to improve IAQ in an urban kindergarten located in a historic building. Air temperature, relative humidity, along with indoor and outdoor air pollutants,were monitored in a classroom of 22 occupants before and after installation of the passive system. Based on high indoor CO2concentration and other parameters, the device alerts when to open the windows to facilitate air exchange.This research focuses on the measurements during the first few weeks after installation of the smart device. It did not show a considerable decrease in the CO2levels, but an improvement is desirable as the occupants become more familiar with the device. This will allow heritage buildings to guarantee a healthier environment in a simple and low-cost way.

DOI Source

DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/863/1/012056

Journal article2021

Low-Invasive CO2-Based Visual Alerting Systems to Manage Natural Ventilation and Improve IAQ in Historic School Buildings

Avella F, Gupta A, Peretti C, Fulici G, Verdi L, Belleri A, Babich F

Francesco Babich, Annamaria Belleri, Akshit Gupta

Project: EU ITA-CH QAES - Air quality in school buildings

Children spend a large part of their growing years in schools, and as they are more sensitive to some pollutants than adults, it is essential to monitor and maximize the indoor air quality (IAQ) in classrooms. Many schools are located in historic and heritage buildings, and improving the IAQ, preserving the architectural features, poses a great challenge. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-invasiveness, low-cost, smart CO₂-based visual alerting systems to manage natural ventilation and improve IAQ in historic school buildings. Indoor and outdoor parameters were monitored for three weeks in four schools with different levels of education (two classrooms per school; device installed in one only). Based on indoor CO₂ concentration, air temperature and relative humidity, the device suggests when windows should be opened to ventilate. The comparison between the two classrooms show that the effectiveness of the device is highly dependent on the occupants: (i) reduction in the average CO₂ concentrations of up to 42% in classrooms with frontal lesson and full occupancy, (ii) the device is not the most ideal solution for kindergarten due to the young age of the pupils, and (iii) it is more used during mild outdoor temperatures

DOI Source

DOI: 10.3390/heritage4040191

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Journal article2025

Thermal comfort and perceived air quality (PAQ) using automatic ceiling fans in residential buildings

Gupta A, Torriani G, Torresin S, Pistore L, Pellegatti M, Piazza L, Miorin F, Pasut W,

Francesco Babich, Annamaria Belleri, Roberto Lollini, Akshit Gupta, Giulia Torriani

Project: EU H2020 CULTURAL-E: Climate and cultural based design and market valuable technology solutions for Plus Energy Houses

DOI Source

DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115317

Akshit Gupta

About

Scientific Publications

Digital information and data flow management for building envelope solutions: the MEZeroE BIM dataset tool as an Open Innovation Service

BREEZE Project: Advancing PV Implementation in Building Renovations

Personalized environmental control systems (PECS): A systematic review of performance evaluation methods for thermal comfort, air quality and energy

Thermal comfort and perceived air quality (PAQ) using automatic ceiling fans in residential buildings

Transient three-dimensional CFD modelling of ceiling fans: a comparison between detailed and simplified models

Indoor Air Quality Monitoring in a Historic School in South Tyrol, Italy

Low-Invasive CO2-Based Visual Alerting Systems to Manage Natural Ventilation and Improve IAQ in Historic School Buildings

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Scientific Publications

Digital information and data flow management for building envelope solutions: the MEZeroE BIM dataset tool as an Open Innovation Service

BREEZE Project: Advancing PV Implementation in Building Renovations

Personalized environmental control systems (PECS): A systematic review of performance evaluation methods for thermal comfort, air quality and energy

Thermal comfort and perceived air quality (PAQ) using automatic ceiling fans in residential buildings

Transient three-dimensional CFD modelling of ceiling fans: a comparison between detailed and simplified models

Indoor Air Quality Monitoring in a Historic School in South Tyrol, Italy

Low-Invasive CO2-Based Visual Alerting Systems to Manage Natural Ventilation and Improve IAQ in Historic School Buildings