PEOPLEStefano Terzi

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Stefano Terzi

Senior Researcher
Center for Climate Change and Transformation

T +39 0471 055 378

stefano.terzi@eurac.edu

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0491-6772

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About

Stefano is an environmental engineer holding a PhD on multi-risk assessments in mountain regions within the context of climate change. He coordinates the Water and Human System research area within the Climate Change and Transformation Center working at the interplay of hydrology and social components involved in water demand to advance the understanding of risk processes and their assessments. His interests focus on mountain regions, looking at cross-sectoral water demand dynamics and capturing the spread of future water scarcity impacts arising from unbalanced conditions of water availability and water demands. He is actively involved in proposals writing for European and national funding schemes, combining his interest on risk assessments with human relations and team working attitude.

Scientific Publications

Journal article2025

More intense heatwaves under drier conditions: a compound event analysis in the Adige River basin (Eastern Italian Alps)

Lemus-Canovas M, Crespi A, Maines E, Terzi S, Pittore M

Massimiliano Pittore, Alice Crespi, Stefano Terzi, Elena Maines

The Adige River basin has been affected several times in recent years by concurrent very hot and dry conditions. In summers 2015, 2017, and more recently in 2021–2022, severe hydrological droughts compounded and cascaded with wildfire and heatwave events. The chained effect of snow deficit in winter, higher-than-normal temperatures in early spring and heatwaves during summer caused multiple drought impacts. Despite the severe consequences, the role of observed climate change in exacerbating the intensity of the drivers leading to specific hot and dry events and their potential impacts in this region remains poorly understood.

A ranking of compound drought and heatwave events (CDHW) occurring in the Adige River basin between 1950 and 2023 was built using E-OBS precipitation and temperature observations. The ranking was based on a composite index considering both event intensity and the spatial extent of the affected area, derived from the Standardised Precipitation Index at a 6 month scale (SPI-6) and a heatwave definition based on daily maximum temperature (TX). The major 2022 CDHW event, which caused severe environmental and societal impacts in the Adige River catchment, stood out. Occurring in late spring (10–28 May 2022), it ranked fifth out of 119 events detected since 1950 and was the most intense CDHW event in the past 15 years. As one of the most recent and severe CDHW events, the 2022 event was selected for an in-depth characterisation and a climate change attribution analysis of both its meteorological drivers and hydrological impacts.

The changing characteristics of CDHW events similar to that of May 2022 were investigated through a flow-analogue attribution approach based on the reconstruction of its atmospheric conditions using ERA5 geopotential height at 500 hPa. By comparing May 2022 CDHW flow analogues from 1951–1980 (low anthropogenic forcing) and 1992–2021 (moderate-high anthropogenic forcing), we found that heatwaves comparable to the one in May 2022 are now significantly hotter – by 1–4 °C – than historical analogues and occur in a much drier context, characterised by pronounced precipitation deficits. These conditions, along with earlier snowmelt and persistent precipitation deficits, might have exacerbated river flow reductions and water stress in recent years. Also, shifts in the timing of a CDHW event were found to significantly influence the severity of its potential consequences.

However, extracting a reliable signal of future changes in the characteristics of CDHW events from climate projections remains challenging. Based on flow-conditioned analogues of the May 2022 event from 25 EURO-CORDEX simulations, more than half of the models failed to reproduce the observed sign of change in temperature and drought conditions. Unconditioned reconstructions showed closer agreement with observations, particularly for temperature patterns, but critical aspects such as the magnitude of the changes remained underestimated.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.5194/hess-29-6781-2025

Inbook2024

Mountain Riskscapes: Incorporating Complex Realities of Dynamic Social Ecological Systems into Disaster Risk Reduction

Schneiderbauer S, Fontanella Pisa P, Delves J, Terzi S, Bustillos-Ardaya A, Szarzynski J

Paola Fontanella Pisa, Stefano Terzi, Stefan Schneiderbauer

This chapter evaluates the utility of applying the concept of riskscapes in mountain regions to reflect the dynamic, multidimensional, and multi-sectoral nature of risk in mountain systems and the governance processes required to address it. Based on Arjun Appadurai’s understanding of “-scapes” (Public Cult 2(2):1–23, 1990), and further developed by others, for example Müller-Mahn and Everts (Riskscapes: the spatial dimensions of risk. In: The spatial dimension of risk. How geography shapes the emergence of riskscapes. Routledge, 2013), riskscapes refers to features that relate risk, space, and practice. It embraces the multitude of phenomena and activities which contribute to the creation, but also the reduction, of risk and considers potential conflicts of interest linked to them. Riskscapes gives equal weight to physical hazards and to social practices, governance structures, and power relations. Thus, riskscapes represents a conceptual approach that considers risk perception, decision making processes, and limitations posed particularly by unknown unknowns. Understood in such a holistic way, the approach can incorporate many factors and thus can serve as a useful framework for addressing the multifaceted topic of community resilience.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-64884-7_20

Journal article2024

Over-reliance on water infrastructure can hinder climate resilience in pastoral drylands

Piemontese L, Terzi S, Di Baldassarre G, Menestrey Schwieger DA, Castelli G, Bresci E

Stefano Terzi

Extreme droughts are affecting millions of livestock farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, causing water shortages, famines, migration and fatalities. The construction of new small water infrastructures (SWIs), such as deep wells and boreholes, is increasingly supported by climate resilience programmes of non-governmental organizations and national governments to improve water availability for agro-pastoralists, especially as an emergency response to extreme droughts. Although the short-term benefits of SWI are clear, their potential cumulative impact and their long-term effects on the resilience of dryland communities remain unclear. Here, building on in-depth anthropological literature from five key African drylands, we model post-drought pastoralists’ dynamics related to SWI. We show that while developing new SWI releases water shortages in the short term, it can erode traditional adaptation practices without adequate governance. We further illustrate how our model captures early quantitative signals of resilience loss in dryland Angola. This indicates that poorly governed water development in African drylands can be a limiting factor for the long-term resilience of pastoral communities facing a range of social, demographic, economic and climate challenges.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.1038/s41558-024-01929-z

Journal article2023

Assessing agriculture's vulnerability to drought in European pre-Alpine regions

Stephan R, Terzi S, Erfurt M, Cocuccioni S, Stahl K, Zebisch M

Silvia Cocuccioni, Marc Zebisch, Stefano Terzi

Droughts are natural hazards that lead to severe impacts in the agricultural sector. Mountain regions are thought to have abundant water, but have experienced unprecedented drought conditions as climate change is affecting their environments more rapidly than other places. The effect radiates by reducing water availability well beyond the mountains' geographical locations. This study aims to improve the understanding of agriculture's vulnerability to drought in Europe's pre-Alpine region, considering two case studies that have been severely impacted in the past. We applied a mixed-method approach combining the knowledge of regional experts with quantitative data analyses in order to define the region-specific vulnerability based on experts' identified factors. We implemented two aggregation methods by combining the vulnerability factors that could be supported with subregional data. Whereas the equal weighting method combines all factors with the same weight, the expert weighting method combines the factors with varying weight based on the expert's opinion. These two methods resulted in vulnerability maps with the expert weighting showing a higher vulnerability, and partly relocating the medium and lower vulnerabilities to other subregions within the case study regions. In general, the experts confirmed the resulting subregions with higher vulnerability. They also acknowledged the value of mapping vulnerability by adopting different aggregation methods confirming that this can serve as a sensitivity analysis. The identified factors contributing most to the regions' vulnerability point to the potential of adaptation strategies decreasing the agriculture's vulnerability to drought that could enable better preparedness. Apart from region-specific differences, in both study regions the presence of irrigation infrastructure and soil texture are among the most important conditions that could be managed to some extent in order to decrease the regions' vulnerability. Throughout the analyses, the study benefited from the exchange with the experts by getting an in-depth understanding of the regional context with feedback relations between the factors contributing to vulnerability. Qualitative narratives provided during the semi-structured interviews supported a better characterization of local vulnerability conditions and helped to better identify quantitative indicators as proxies to describe the selected vulnerability factors. Thus, we recommend applying this mixed-method approach to close the gap between science and practitioners.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.5194/nhess-23-45-2023

Presentation2023

Water- Energy- Food- Ecosystem Services (WEFE) nexus assessment in the context of climate change: a literature review and conceptual model development for the Adige River basin (Italy)

Sambo B, Cocuccioni S, Carnelli F, Terzi S, Sperotto A, Torresan S, Pittore M, Zebisch M,

Silvia Cocuccioni, Massimiliano Pittore, Marc Zebisch, Fabio Carnelli, Stefano Terzi

Progetto: Facilitare la prossima generazione di policy efficaci e intelligenti relative all'acqua utilizzando l'intelligenza artificiale e il reinforcement learning per valutare il nexus acqua-energia-cibo-ecosistemi (WEFE)

Water, Energy, Food and Ecosystems are inextricably linked within a complex system (“the WEFE Nexus”) dominated by interactions, feedback, and scale effects. The analysis of the WEFE nexus is increasingly relevant in both academic and policy discussion; since its systematic approach could contribute addressing some fundamental EU challenges and policies, supporting the achievement of multiple Sustainable Development Goals.

Existing studies are still focused on dual interactions between sectors (e.g. water-energy, water-food) and don’t fully consider the ecosystem services components, despite their importance is widely recognized. There are still some challenges on how to use heterogeneous and sector-specific data and large climate projection datasets within the nexus concept.

The aim of this analysis is to explore how the WEFE nexus components and their interactions have been examined in recent scientific literature, and how they can be conceptualized in the Adige River basin (Italy), in order to identify synergies and trade-offs among different resources and uses.

Firstly, an in-depth state-of-the-art review on the main methodologies which allow the full integration of ecosystem services and climate change effects was undertaken for publications in the time frame 2010-2022. The review focused on i) how complex interlinkages among the sub-sectors of the WEF nexus and Ecosystem Services are modeled and how researchers operationalized these interlinkages in current conceptual frameworks; ii) how the spatial (from source to sea) and temporal dynamics of nexus are changing under future scenarios of climate and socio-economic changes; iii) which are the recent applied tools, methods and models which allow to operationalize the WEFE nexus behaviors and to support decision-making policies. The review shows that the interrelations among the WEFE sectors within conceptual frameworks are mainly modeled by qualitative methods (e.g. causal loops, multi-criteria decision analysis); while the spatio-temporal dynamics are mainly assessed by quantitative approaches (e.g. System Dynamics, Bayesian Networks). Furthermore, ecosystem services and climate change are mainly considered as external drivers influencing the WEF nexus sectors rather than a nexus component.

Based on the collection and review of peer-reviewed, grey literature and newspaper articles dealing with the water management topic, a first conceptualization of the sectors involved in the WEFE Nexus for the Adige River basin was performed. The framework, finalized with expert-based discussions in the context of two local stakeholders’ workshops, allowed the identification and qualitatively characterization of the relations among the WEFE sectors as well as the pressures by external components on the system (i.e. climate and socio-economic drivers). Five levels of conceptualization have been conceived to represent the main dynamics for each nexus’ sectors (i.e. water, energy, food, and ecosystem services) and their overall interactions.

The results of the analysis are part of the Horizon2020 project NEXOGENESIS, and pave the way for the application of a complex science methodology able to disentangle the role of ecosystem services and climate change in the frame of the nexus approach

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-11213

Journal article2022

Climate Change Impact Chains: A Review of Applications, Challenges, and Opportunities for Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessments

Menk L, Terzi S, Zebisch M, Rome E, Lückerath D, Milde K, Kienberger S

Marc Zebisch, Stefano Terzi

Shifting from effect- towards cause-oriented and systemic approaches in sustainable climate change adaptation requires a solid understanding of the climate-related and societal causes behind climate risks. Thus, capturing, systemizing, and prioritizing factors contributing to climate risks are essential for developing cause-oriented climate risk and vulnerability assessments (CRVA).

Impact Chains (IC) are conceptual models used to capture hazard, vulnerability and exposure factors that lead to a specific risk. IC modeling includes a participatory stakeholder phase and an operational quantification phase. While ICs are widely implemented to systematically capture risk processes, they still show methodological gaps concerning, e.g., the integration of dynamic feedback or balanced stakeholder involvement. Such gaps usually only become apparent in practical applications, and there is currently no systematic perspective on common challenges and methodological needs. Therefore, we reviewed 47 articles applying IC and similar CRVA methods that consider the cause-effect dynamics governing risk. We provide an overview of common challenges and opportunities as a roadmap for future improvements.

We conclude that IC should move from a linear-, to an impact web-like representation of risk to integrate cause-effect dynamics. Qualitative approaches are based on significant stakeholder involvement to capture expert-, place-, and context-specific knowledge. The integration of IC into quantifiable, executable models is still highly underexplored due to a limited understanding of systems, data, evaluation options, and other uncertainties. Ultimately, using IC to capture the underlying, complex processes behind risk supports effective, long-term, and sustainable climate change adaptation.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.1175/WCAS-D-21-0014.1

Conference proceedings article2022

Climate Impact Chains—A Conceptual Modelling Approach for Climate Risk Assessment in the Context of Adaptation Planning

Zebisch M, Terzi S, Pittore M, Renner K, Schneiderbauer S

Marc Zebisch, Kathrin Renner, Massimiliano Pittore, Stefano Terzi, Stefan Schneiderbauer

In this paper we present a conceptual framework for a climate risk assessment based on the so-called impact chains. The method follows a general assessment framework consistent with the IPCC AR5 concept on climate risk. This framework has been developed by Eurac Research within the context of various projects with the German Environment Agency and the German Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (German Corporation for International Cooperation)—GIZ. It has been applied in almost twenty national climate risk assessments worldwide (e.g., Burundi, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam, Madagascar) and has been perceived as (1) an appropriate means for risk analysis, (2) a useful tool for communication of complex cause-effect relationships in climate change impacts and risks, and (3) a great approach to identify entry points for adaptation measures. For an operational risk assessment, impact chains serve as a basis for the selection of appropriate models, indicators or guide more qualitative, expert-based assessments.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-86211-4_25

Journal article2022

Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy to advance multi-hazard disaster risk management

Terzi S, De Angeli S, Miozzo S, Massucchielli LS, Szarzynski J, Carturan F, Boni G

Stefano Terzi

COVID-19 challenged all national emergency management systems worldwide overlapping with other natural hazards. We framed a ‘parallel phases’ Disaster Risk Management (DRM) model to overcome the limitations of the existing models when dealing with complex multi-hazard risk conditions. We supported the limitations analysing Italian Red Cross data on past and ongoing emergencies including COVID-19 and we outlined three guidelines for advancing multi-hazard DRM: (i) exploiting the low emergency intensity of slow-onset hazards for preparedness actions; (ii) increasing the internal resources and making them available for international support; (iii) implementing multi-hazard seasonal impact-based forecasts to foster the planning of anticipatory actions.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2022.100268

Journal article2021

An inventory of Alpine drought impact reports to explore past droughts in a mountain region

Stephan R, Erfurt M, Terzi S, Žun M, Kristan B, Haslinger K, Stahl K

Stefano Terzi

Progetto: AquaMount – Multi-risk of water scarcity in mountain regions

Drought affects the European Alpine mountain region, despite a humid climate. Droughts' damaging character in the past and increasing probability in future projections call for an understanding of drought impacts in the mountain regions. The European Drought Impact report Inventory (EDII) collects text reports on negative drought impacts. This study presents a considerably updated EDII focusing on the Alpine region. This first version release of an Alpine Drought Impact report Inventory (EDII_ALPS) classifies impact reports into categories covering various affected sectors and enables comparisons of the drought impact characteristics. We analysed the distribution of reported impacts on the spatial, temporal and seasonal scale and by drought type for soil moisture drought and hydrological drought. For the spatial analysis, we compared the impact data located in the Alpine region to the whole of Europe. Furthermore, we compared impact data between different climatic and altitudinal domains (the northern region vs. the southern region and the pre-Alpine region vs. the high-altitude region) and between the Alpine countries. Compared to the whole of Europe, in the Alpine region agriculture and livestock farming impacts are even more frequently reported, especially in the southern region. Public water supply is the second most relevant sector but overall less prominent compared to Europe, especially in spring when snowmelt mitigates water shortages. Impacts occur mostly in summer and early autumn, with a delay between those impacts initiated by soil moisture and those initiated by hydrological drought. The high-altitude region shows this delay the strongest. From 1975 to 2020, the number of archived reports increases, with substantially more impacts noted during the drought events of 1976, 2003, 2015 and 2018. Moreover, reported impacts diversify from agricultural dominance to multi-faceted impact types covering forestry, water quality, industry and so forth. Though EDII_ALPS is biased by reporting behaviour, the region-specific results of negative drought impacts across the water-rich European mountain region demonstrate the need to move from emergency response to prevention and preparedness actions. These may be guided by EDII_ALPS' insights to regional patterns, seasons and drought types.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.5194/nhess-21-2485-2021

Journal article2021

Stochastic system dynamics modelling for climate change water scarcity assessment of a reservoir in the Italian Alps

Terzi S, Sušnik J, Schneiderbauer S, Torresan S, Critto A

Stefano Terzi, Stefan Schneiderbauer

Progetto: AquaMount – Multi-risk of water scarcity in mountain regions

Water management in mountain regions is facing multiple pressures due to climate change and anthropogenic activities. This is particularly relevant for mountain areas where water abundance in the past allowed for many anthropogenic activities, exposing them to future water scarcity. Here stochastic system dynamics modelling (SDM) was implemented to explore water scarcity conditions affecting the stored water and turbined outflows in the Santa Giustina (S. Giustina) reservoir (Autonomous Province of Trento, Italy). The analysis relies on a model chain integrating outputs from climate change simulations into a hydrological
model, the output of which was used to test and select statistical models in an SDM for replicating turbined water and stored volume within the S. Giustina dam reservoir. The study aims at simulating future conditions of the S. Giustina reservoir in terms of outflow and volume as well as implementing a set of metrics to analyse volume extreme conditions. Average results on 30-year slices of simulations show that even under the short-term RCP4.5 scenario (2021–2050) future reductions for stored volume and turbined outflow are expected to be severe compared to the 14-year baseline 1999–2004 and 2009–2016; -24.9% of turbined outflow and -19.9% of stored volume). Similar reductions are expected also for the long-term RCP8.5 scenario (2041–2070; -26.2%of turbined outflow and -20.8%of stored volume), mainly driven by the projected precipitations having a similar but lower trend especially in the last part of the 2041–2070
period. At a monthly level, stored volume and turbined outflow are expected to increase for December to March (outflow only), January to April (volume only) depending on scenarios and up to C32.5% of stored volume in March for RCP8.5 for 2021–2050. Reductions are persistently occurring for the rest of the year from April to November for turbined outflows (down to -56.3% in August) and from May to December for stored volume (down to -44.1% in June). Metrics of frequency, duration and severity of future stored volume values suggest a general increase in terms of low volume below the 10th and 20th percentiles and a decrease of high-volume conditions above the 80th and 90th percentiles. These results point at higher percentage increases in frequency and severity for values below the 10th percentile, while volume values below the 20th percentile are expected to last longer. Above the 90th percentile, values are expected to be less frequent than baseline conditions, while showing smaller severity reductions compared to values above the 80th percentile. These results call for the adoption of adaptation strategies focusing on water demand reductions. Months of expected increases in water availability should be considered periods for water accumulation while preparing for potential persistent reductions of stored water and turbined
outflows. This study provides results and methodological insights that can be used for future SDM upscaling to integrate different strategic mountain socio-economic sectors (e.g. hydropower, agriculture and tourism) and prepare for potential multi-risk conditions.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.5194/nhess-21-3519-2021

Inbook2021

Wipptal South Pilot Action Region Gravity-Driven Natural Hazards and Forest Types

Hintner C, Terzi S, Steger S

Stefano Terzi

Progetto: AquaMount – Multi-risk of water scarcity in mountain regions

This chapter describes the Wipptal South Pilot Action Region (PAR) in South Tyrol, where forests are well recognized to play a crucial role in protecting against a variety of gravity-driven natural hazards, such as landslides, debris flows, rock falls and snow avalanches. The chapter presents the three municipalities in the PAR area in terms of socio-environmental context, gravity-driven natural hazards and forest characteristics. The presented best-practice example describes the results of a former project entitled “Waldtypisierung Südtirol” (Eng. Forest Characterization South Tyrol) that focused on a detailed description of forests in South Tyrol and the development of a handbook for foresters. It is shown that the Wipptal South PAR as being is frequently affected by a variety of gravity-induced hazards while highlighting the critical role of forest in protecting people and their properties. Appropriate forest management strategies are vital to maintain and increase tree species diversity (e.g. populating fir) and the associated protective forest function. In this context, climate change effects, such as an increasing threat of bark beetle infestation due to rising drought stress or the consequences of associated extreme weather events (e.g. storms), pose major challenges for the local forests and their protective function.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.99016

Report2020

Climate-related hazard indices for Europe

Crespi A, Terzi S, Cocuccioni S, Zebisch M, Berckmans J, Füssel HM

Alice Crespi, Silvia Cocuccioni, Marc Zebisch, Stefano Terzi

This Technical Paper describes the review and selection process for a compact set of 32 climate-related hazard indices for Europe, in support of the development of a European Environment Agency (EEA) Report on climate-related hazards in Europe to be published in 2021. The information provided by the final hazard index set has the following two objectives: (i) to provide a European overview on past trends and projected changes in key representative climate-related hazards with adaptation relevance for different sectors and policy themes; and (ii) to support the development and application of national and regional indices for climate-related hazards with adaptation relevance.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.25424/cmcc/climate_related_hazard_indices_europe_2020

Technical
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Presentation2023

Water- Energy- Food- Ecosystem Services (WEFE) nexus assessment in the context of climate change: a literature review and conceptual model development for the Adige River basin (Italy)

Sambo B, Cocuccioni S, Carnelli F, Terzi S, Sperotto A, Torresan S, Pittore M, Zebisch M,

Silvia Cocuccioni, Massimiliano Pittore, Marc Zebisch, Fabio Carnelli, Stefano Terzi

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-11213

Stefano Terzi

About

Scientific Publications

More intense heatwaves under drier conditions: a compound event analysis in the Adige River basin (Eastern Italian Alps)

Mountain Riskscapes: Incorporating Complex Realities of Dynamic Social Ecological Systems into Disaster Risk Reduction

Over-reliance on water infrastructure can hinder climate resilience in pastoral drylands

Assessing agriculture's vulnerability to drought in European pre-Alpine regions

Water- Energy- Food- Ecosystem Services (WEFE) nexus assessment in the context of climate change: a literature review and conceptual model development for the Adige River basin (Italy)

Climate Change Impact Chains: A Review of Applications, Challenges, and Opportunities for Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessments

Climate Impact Chains—A Conceptual Modelling Approach for Climate Risk Assessment in the Context of Adaptation Planning

Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy to advance multi-hazard disaster risk management

An inventory of Alpine drought impact reports to explore past droughts in a mountain region

Stochastic system dynamics modelling for climate change water scarcity assessment of a reservoir in the Italian Alps

Wipptal South Pilot Action Region Gravity-Driven Natural Hazards and Forest Types

Climate-related hazard indices for Europe

Science Shots Eurac Research Newsletter

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Scientific Publications

More intense heatwaves under drier conditions: a compound event analysis in the Adige River basin (Eastern Italian Alps)

Mountain Riskscapes: Incorporating Complex Realities of Dynamic Social Ecological Systems into Disaster Risk Reduction

Over-reliance on water infrastructure can hinder climate resilience in pastoral drylands

Assessing agriculture's vulnerability to drought in European pre-Alpine regions

Water- Energy- Food- Ecosystem Services (WEFE) nexus assessment in the context of climate change: a literature review and conceptual model development for the Adige River basin (Italy)

Climate Change Impact Chains: A Review of Applications, Challenges, and Opportunities for Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessments

Climate Impact Chains—A Conceptual Modelling Approach for Climate Risk Assessment in the Context of Adaptation Planning

Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy to advance multi-hazard disaster risk management

An inventory of Alpine drought impact reports to explore past droughts in a mountain region

Stochastic system dynamics modelling for climate change water scarcity assessment of a reservoir in the Italian Alps

Wipptal South Pilot Action Region Gravity-Driven Natural Hazards and Forest Types

Climate-related hazard indices for Europe