Avalanches: user-carried safety device increases survival time fivefold
While prevention is the first priority, a clinical trial offers the potential to enhance safety for those who ski and work in winter environment
March 2023, avalanche simulation in the Dolomites at an altitude of approximately 2000 m. Over fifty centimeters of snow covering 24 volunteers lying face down. Half of them have a device integrated into their backpacks that draws air from the snow surrounding their backpacks and pumps it into the upper chest area. The other half have similar backpacks, but with a non-functioning (sham) device. Of the “control group,” four of the 12 volunteers asked for the experiment to be stopped because they did not feel well, and seven remained buried for a median duration of 6.4 minutes before their oxygen saturation fell below 80 percent and the experiment was stopped as required by protocol. No trial in the group equipped with the functioning device was stopped due to oxygen saturation dropping below 80 percent: the median burial time was 35 minutes, the maximum duration planned for the experiment. (In one case, the test was stopped earlier, but not because of hypoxemia.) In other words, in a real-life situation, emergency services or the victim’s companions would likely have had more than five times as much time to respond, and potential cardiac arrest would occur much later. The details of the results were published in one of the most prestigious and widely read international medical-scientific journals, JAMA.
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