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Snowline4DailyWater

Monitoraggio del bilancio di massa dei ghiacciai e del contributo della fusione glaciale al sistema idrico del Centro Asia

L'obiettivo di Snowline4DailyWater è di fornire un monitoraggio sub-stagionale della risposta dei ghiacciai ai cambiamenti climatici e del relativo rilascio di acqua di fusione per i ghiacciai dell'Asia Centrale. A questo scopo, le snowline derivate automaticamente da immagini satellitari saranno utilizzate come proxy per calcolare i bilanci di massa superficiali dei ghiacciai e un modello di bilancio energetico sarà impiegato per calcolare il contributo dell'acqua di fusione del ghiacciaio. I principali risultati del progetto saranno legati allo sviluppo di nuovi approcci basati sull'integrazione di dati satellitari multi-sorgente per mappare le linee di neve e di uno strumento operativo che permetta il monitoraggio sub-stagionale per i singoli ghiacciai e bacini idrografici.

Questo strumento aiuterà i decisori politici e le parti interessate a migliorare la gestione delle risorse idriche con una strategia efficace dal punto di vista dei costi per affrontare meglio le sfide legate ai cambiamenti climatici.

Persone di riferimento:

Martina Barandun, martina.barandun@eurac.edu

Mattia Callegari, mattia.callegari@eurac.edu

Claudia Notarnicola, claudia.notarnicola@eurac.edu

Project duration: January 2021 - December 2022
Project status:
Funding:
Direct Award Contracts (Province BZ funding / Project)
Institute: Istituto per l'osservazione della Terra

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Scientific Publications

Conference proceedings article2022

Glacier runoff variation since 1981 in the upper Naryn river catchments, Central Tien Shan

Saks T, Pohl E, Machguth H, Dehecq A, Barandun M, Kenzhebaev R, Kalashnikova O, Hoelzle M

Water resources in Central Asia strongly depend on glaciers, which in turn adjust their size in response to climate variations. We investigate glacier runoff in the period 1981–2019 in the upper Naryn basin, Kyrgyzstan. The basins contain more than 1000 glaciers, which cover a total area of 776 km2. We model the mass balance and runoff contribution of all glaciers with a simplified energy balance melt model and distributed accumulation model driven by ERA5 LAND re-analysis data for the time period of 1981 - 2019. The results are evaluated against discharge records, satellite-derived snow cover, stake readings from individual glaciers, and geodetic mass balances. Modelled glacier volume decreased by approximately 6.7 km3 or 14%, and the majority of the mass loss took place from 1996 until 2019. The decreasing trend is the result of increasingly negative summer mass balances whereas winter mass balances show no substantial trend. Analysis of the discharge data suggests an increasing runoff for the past two decades, which is, however only partly reflected in an increase of glacier melt. Moreover, the strongest increase in discharge is observed in winter, suggesting either a prolonged melting period and/or increased groundwater discharge. The average runoff from the glacierized areas in summer months (June to August) constitutes approximately 23% of the total contributions to the basin's runoff. The results highlight the strong regional variability in glacier-climate interactions in Central Asia.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-4317

Journal article2022

Glacier Runoff Variation Since 1981 in the Upper Naryn River Catchments, Central Tien Shan

Saks T, Pohl E, Machguth H, Dehecq A, Barandun M, Kenzhebaev R, Kalashnikova O, Hoelzle M

Water resources in Central Asia strongly depend on glaciers, which in turn adjust their size in response to climate variations. We investigate glacier runoff in the period 1981–2019 in the upper Naryn basin, Kyrgyzstan. The basins contain more than 1,000 glaciers, which cover a total area of 776 km2. We model the mass balance and runoff contribution of all glaciers with a simplified energy balance melt model and distributed accumulation model driven by ERA5 LAND re-analysis data for the time period of 1981–2019. The results are evaluated against discharge records, satellite-derived snow cover, stake readings from individual glaciers, and geodetic mass balances. Modelled glacier volume decreased by approximately 6.7 km3 or 14%, and the majority of the mass loss took place from 1996 until 2019. The decreasing trend is the result of increasingly negative summer mass balances whereas winter mass balances show no substantial trend. Analysis of the discharge data suggests an increasing runoff for the past two decades, which is, however only partly reflected in an increase of glacier melt. Moreover, the strongest increase in discharge is observed in winter, suggesting either a prolonged melting period and/or increased groundwater discharge. The average runoff from the glacierized areas in summer months (June to August) constitutes approximately 23% of the total contributions to the basin’s runoff. The results highlight the strong regional variability in glacier-climate interactions in Central Asia.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2021.780466

Journal article2022

Reconstructed Centennial Mass Balance Change for Golubin Glacier, Northern Tien Shan

Azisov E, Hoelzle M, Vorogushyn S, Saks T, Usubaliev R, Esenaman uulu M, Barandun M

Mass balance measurements for Golubin glacier in Northern Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan, have been discontinuous over the last century, with significant data gaps. We provide a unique over 100-year-long mass balance series on daily resolution. We applied a temperature index model calibrated with glaciological measurements and validated with secular mass balances derived from independent length change observations. A comparison with other recent geodetic studies reveals good agreement. Golubin lost −0.16 ± 0.45 m w.e. a−1 from 1900/1901 to 2020/2021. From the long-term mass balance time series, we identify a shift to a more negative/less positive regime with time, with a steepening of the ablation and accumulation gradients, especially for the past two decades. We observe a parallel shift of the mass balance gradient accompanied by a rotation of the ablation gradient due to increased ablation at the glacier tongue and accumulation above the equilibrium line altitude. This tendency is believed to intensify in the future, affecting glaciers’ mass balance sensitivity to changes in atmospheric conditions and year-to-year variability and resulting in irregular melt water release feeding the rivers that provide water to Bishkek. These kinds of datasets are sparse for Tien Shan and, yet, indispensable to enhancing our understanding of glacier changes in High Mountain Asia.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.3390/atmos13060954

Conference proceedings article2022

The Albedo-Ablation couple: a complex relationship with severe consequences

Naegeli K, Barandun M

Glaciers in Central Asia provide essential water resources for an increasing socio-economic water demand. However, glacier ablation is spatio-temporally highly heterogeneous, revealing hot-spots of the complex glacier response to climate change. A darkening of glacier surfaces caused by varying sources ranging from light absorbing mineral particles and black carbon to organic matter such as algal bloom, impacts the surface energy balance of glaciers. The albedo of the bare-ice surface is particularly crucial in regard to the ablation magnitude.

In this study, we present across scale results of the dependence of glacier mass balance on surface albedo for a large number of glaciers in the Tien Shan and Pamir Mountains. We used over 3000 surface reflectance scenes from the Landsat suite over the last two decades to produce distributed albedo maps. Annual mass balance time series are modelled using a temperature-index and distributed accumulation model for each glacier and year individually. The modelled estimates are annually calibrated with transient snowlines and further constrained by multiyear geodetic mass balances.

A comprehensive analysis of albedo variability and trends is performed at varying scales, ranging from pixel to catchment. A relationship between the distributed albedo information and the detected trends with the mass balance rates and variabilities is established. We highlight the sensitivity of glacier mass balance on surface albedo and stress the importance of the enhanced albedo feedback that will be amplified due to atmospheric warming and suspected darkening of glacier surfaces in the near future. This feedback will accelerate glacier melt and thus put the availability of melt water to river run off at sustainable risk.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-6364

All Publications

Glacier runoff variation since 1981 in the upper Naryn river catchments, Central Tien Shan
Saks T, Pohl E, Machguth H, Dehecq A, Barandun M, Kenzhebaev R, Kalashnikova O, Hoelzle M (2022)
Copernicus GmbH
Contributo in atti di convegno

Conference: EGU General Assembly 2022 | Vienna | 23.5.2022 - 27.5.2022

Ulteriori informazioni: http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-4317

https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-4317

Reconstructed Centennial Mass Balance Change for Golubin Glacier, Northern Tien Shan
Azisov E, Hoelzle M, Vorogushyn S, Saks T, Usubaliev R, Esenaman uulu M, Barandun M (2022)
Articolo su rivista
Atmosphere

Ulteriori informazioni: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060954

https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060954

Glacier Runoff Variation Since 1981 in the Upper Naryn River Catchments, Central Tien Shan
Saks T, Pohl E, Machguth H, Dehecq A, Barandun M, Kenzhebaev R, Kalashnikova O, Hoelzle M (2022)
Frontiers Media SA
Articolo su rivista
Frontiers in Environmental Science

Ulteriori informazioni: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.780466

https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.780466

Project Team

Mattia Callegari

Paola Winkler

Daniela Dellantonio

Claudia Notarnicola

Scientific Advisory Board

Awards

Products

Technical
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Conference proceedings article2022

The Albedo-Ablation couple: a complex relationship with severe consequences

Naegeli K, Barandun M

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-6364

Snowline4DailyWater