PEOPLEIngrid Demanega

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Ingrid Demanega

Researcher
Institute for Renewable Energy

T +39 0471 055 611

ingrid.demanega@eurac.edu

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7862-3628

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About

Principali interessi di ricerca:

- Facciate e sistemi vetrati complessi

- Simulazioni CFD

- Attività sperimentale

- Efficienza energetica

Ingegnere energetico e ricercatrice nel settore della valutazione delle prestazioni di facciate trasparenti e opache e di sistemi vetrati complessi attraverso simulazioni e misure. Per quanto riguarda le analisi numeriche, il mio lavoro è principalmente focalizzato sul trasferimento di calore e umidità accoppiato alla fluidodinamica, con l'obiettivo di valutare le prestazioni termiche, il comfort, il rischio condensa e la ventilazione. Durante le attività sperimentali, mi occupo principalmente di misure di temperatura, flusso di calore, flusso d'aria e irraggiamento.

Link esterni:

https://it.linkedin.com/in/ingrid-demanega-a6b050b9/it

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ingrid-Demanega

https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ZFAU5cUAAAAJ&hl=it&oi=ao

Scientific Publications

Journal article2026

Experimental and Numerical Characterization of a Prefabricated Timber Facade with Integrated HVAC Unit

Messner B, Gubert M, Tamburrini D, Avesani S, Pernigotto G, Gasparella A, Demanega I

Ingrid Demanega, Martino Gubert, Diego Tamburrini

Progetto: EU H2020 INFINITE - RISANAMENTO DEGLI EDIFICI TRAMITE SOLUZIONI D'INVOLUCRO INDUSTRIALIZZATE, MULTIFUNZIONALI ED INTERCONNESSE

The built environment in the EU accounts for 40% of the total energy consumption and 36% of the total greenhouse gas emissions. To address the inefficiency of existing buildings, renovation could reduce their total energy consumption by 5–6% and lower carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 5%. A retrofit solution for existing buildings involves the use of lightweight prefabricated systems, some of which include integrated HVAC components that are able to enhance their functionality. Indeed, such prefabricated facade elements with integrated HVAC systems can represent a minimally invasive method for reducing the energy consumption of an existing building. To assess the potential of this approach, a full-scale mock-up of a prefabricated timber facade with integrated HVAC system was tested at the Facade System Interactions Lab (FSIL) of Eurac Research, Bolzano. The experimental data were used to develop a calibrated and validated 3D finite element model in COMSOL Multiphysics. The validated model was used to evaluate the facade’s thermal performance under standard heating conditions through a proposed equivalent thermal transmittance indicator (U_eq). Results show that the active facade achieves 0.07 W m⁻² K⁻¹, compared to 0.21 W m⁻² K⁻¹ for the passive facade with identical materials but without active components.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.3390/buildings16061177

Journal article2023

Development and experimental validation of a CFD model for the thermal behaviour assessment of complex fenestration systems

Demanega I, De Michele G, Pernigotto G, Gasparella A, Avesani S

Ingrid Demanega, Giuseppe De Michele

Complex Fenestration Systems with integrated shading systems are becoming widely used to enhance the building's envelope performance and increase the occupants' thermal and visual comfort. Their peculiarity of integrating a complex shading system makes it difficult to assess their thermal and optical performance. The complexity of the shading system itself, in addition to the interaction with the fluid flow in the window cavity, calls for the use of adequate modelling and simulation techniques. In this framework, a novel modelling approach for the thermal characterization of Complex Fenestration Systems with integrated venetian blinds at different tilt angles has been investigated and validated against onsite measurements under dynamic conditions. The numerical assessment includes a preliminary optical calculation to determine the fraction of solar radiation absorbed by the glazing system and a subsequent Computational Fluid Dynamic simulation to which the absorbed solar radiation is assigned. On the other side, the experimental characterization is based on heat flux, solar irradiance, and temperature measurements. After the model calibration - through the selection of the most appropriate models for the internal and external convective heat transfer coefficients, the numerical simulation showed a good correspondence with experimental data for all analyzed blind tilt angles with a Coefficient of Variation of the Root Mean Square Error in the open blind configuration (18° from horizontal) of 22.75%, 7.27% and 4.74% and in the intermediate blind configuration (37° from horizontal) of 21.14%, 6.02% and 2.86%, respectively for heat flux, external and internal surfaces temperatures.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106150

Journal article2022

Analysis of condensation and ventilation phenomena for double skin façade units

Squadroni F, De Michele G, Mazzucchelli ES, Demanega I, Mangialardo S, Avesani S

Giuseppe De Michele, Ingrid Demanega

This paper presents a study of the thermo-hygrometric behaviour of a Double Skin Façade (DSF) unit. The study aims (i) at comparing currently used calculation procedures according to European and American standards (UNI EN ISO 10077, UNI EN ISO 12631:2018, ISO 15099:2003, ANSI/NFRC 100 for the thermal performance and ISO 13788:2012 (2012) for the condensation risk), and (ii) at assessing the 2D hygrothermal performance of a double skin module through a Finite Element Method (FEM)-based model. According to the current standards, a detailed characterization of thermal and fluid dynamic phenomena in closed and ventilated cavities is neglected and a simplified approach is proposed, which tends to overestimate the overall U-value of the curtain wall (U_CW) due to an incremental thermal resistance that depends on the thickness of the air gap layer and the level of ventilation. The potential risk of this simplification is that the DSF estimated design performance, whilst complying with regulatory requirements, present inconsistencies respect to the real behaviour, impacting energy, comfort, material degradation, etc. Accurate assessments could be done already during design through detailed FEM multi-physic analyses. Nevertheless, those require a specific knowledge, are cost and time-consuming. As a first step, this study focuses on comparing the normed calculation approach for the design, against a detailed FEM-based multi-physics methodology. Specifically, this couples CFD, hygrothermal and Ray Tracing physics in a tool for the calculation of thermal transmittance, g-value and relative humidity of a DSF with a customizable geometry. As a second step, given a real DSF unit that showed unforeseen phenomena of surface condensation inside the cavity during several hours in spring and autumn, the multi-physic tool has been used to evaluate the condensation risk with the current and modified DSF design, under static and time-dependent boundary conditions.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.1177/17442591221084351

Journal article2021

Performance assessment of low-cost environmental monitors and single sensors under variable indoor air quality and thermal conditions

Demanega I, Mujan I, Singer BC, Andelkovic AS, Babich F, Licina D

Francesco Babich, Ingrid Demanega

Progetto: Ripensare la sostenibilita´per tendere verso un ´economia rigenerativa

Recent technological advancements have enabled the development and deployment of low-cost consumer grade monitors for ubiquitous and time-resolved indoor air quality monitoring. With their reliable performance, this technology could be instrumental in enhancing automatic controls and human decision making. We conducted a comprehensive performance evaluation of eight consumer grade multi-parameter monitors and eight single-parameter sensors in detecting particulate matter, carbon dioxide, total volatile organic compounds, dry-bulb air temperature, and relative humidity. In the controlled chamber, we generated eight air pollution sources, each at two thermodynamic conditions — cool and dry (20 ± 1 °C, 30 ± 5%), and warm and humid (26 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 5%). The majority of tested devices under-reported reference particle measurements by up to 50%, provided acceptable responses for carbon dioxide within 15% and diverging results with poor quantitative agreement for total volatile organic compounds. Despite the reported disparities in quantitative agreements, most of the low-cost devices could detect source events and were strongly correlated with the reference data, suggesting that these units could be suitable for measurement-based indoor air quality management. Most of the tested devices have also proven to competently measure air temperature (within+/-0.6 °C) and relative humidity (within+/-5% RH) and maintained a stable measurement accuracy over the two thermodynamic conditions.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107415

Journal article2020

Low Polluting Building Materials and Ventilation for Good Air Quality in Residential Buildings: A Cost–Benefit Study

Babich F, Demanega I, Avella F, Belleri A

Francesco Babich, Ingrid Demanega

Nowadays, people spend an average of 87% of their time inside buildings, and about 69% at home. Hence, it is essential to ensure the highest possible level of indoor air quality (IAQ). Providing that the quality of the outdoor air is acceptable, the IAQ level is improved by increasing the ventilation rates. However, this means that a larger volume of air must be cooled down or warmed up to ensure the same level of thermal comfort. The aim of this study was to conduct a cost–benefit analysis of the IAQ in residential buildings. A case-study building was defined, and three sets of materials with different pollution emission levels were chosen: High, low, and very low. For each option, the ventilation rates required to have the same IAQ level were calculated, and the consequent energy consumption and costs were estimated by means of dynamic thermal simulation. The results show the range of the initial capital cost that could be compensated for by lower running costs, and the effect of each energy and economic input assumption on the appraisal of the affordable capital cost. In the discussion, insights into the IAQ co-benefits are also given.

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.3390/atmos11010102

Technical
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Journal article2022

Analysis of condensation and ventilation phenomena for double skin façade units

Squadroni F, De Michele G, Mazzucchelli ES, Demanega I, Mangialardo S, Avesani S

Giuseppe De Michele, Ingrid Demanega

DOI Fonte

DOI: 10.1177/17442591221084351

Ingrid Demanega

About

Scientific Publications

Experimental and Numerical Characterization of a Prefabricated Timber Facade with Integrated HVAC Unit

Development and experimental validation of a CFD model for the thermal behaviour assessment of complex fenestration systems

Analysis of condensation and ventilation phenomena for double skin façade units

Performance assessment of low-cost environmental monitors and single sensors under variable indoor air quality and thermal conditions

Low Polluting Building Materials and Ventilation for Good Air Quality in Residential Buildings: A Cost–Benefit Study

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Contenuti esterni

Scientific Publications

Experimental and Numerical Characterization of a Prefabricated Timber Facade with Integrated HVAC Unit

Development and experimental validation of a CFD model for the thermal behaviour assessment of complex fenestration systems

Analysis of condensation and ventilation phenomena for double skin façade units

Performance assessment of low-cost environmental monitors and single sensors under variable indoor air quality and thermal conditions

Low Polluting Building Materials and Ventilation for Good Air Quality in Residential Buildings: A Cost–Benefit Study