Institutes & CentersInstitut für Erneuerbare Energie - Photovoltaik Systeme - Projects - NEST

NEST

PNRR NEST - Netzwerk 4 Energie - Nachhaltiger Übergang

Das Programm des Projekts "NEST, Network for Energy Sustainable Technologies", das in das PE-Programm "Grüne Energien für die Zukunft" eingebettet ist, zielt darauf ab, die wichtigsten Laboratorien und universitären Forschungsgruppen sowie die wichtigsten nationalen Forschungseinrichtungen miteinander zu verbinden und interdisziplinäre Kompetenzen zu identifizieren, um Technologien für die Umwandlung und Nutzung erneuerbarer Energiequellen zu entwickeln, die sowohl aus ökologischer als auch aus sozialer Sicht nachhaltig und für die Energieerzeugung und -verteilung widerstandsfähig sein sollen, während sie gleichzeitig weniger den Risiken ausgesetzt sind, die sich aus dem derzeitigen Versorgungssystem mit fossilen Brennstoffen, insbesondere Erdöl und Erdgas, ergeben.

The objectives of energy transition towards the carbon neutrality that our country aims to reach by 2050, following national and EU programs, require to follow a program of rapid reduction in the consumption of fossil fuels in the coming years with the full adoption of renewable energy sources, in civil, industrial, and transport sectors. These objectives can be achieved through a strong interaction among Universities, Research centers, and industrial system operating in the energy field through large groups as well as SMEs, start-ups and spin-offs which are all extraordinary sources of innovation. The challenges of the energy transition cannot to be faced only by the present technologies but need the development of new knowledge that stimulates the development of new technologies.
The ambition is to build a competent Italian leadership, strongly integrated with the territory and companies and capable of supporting the future development towards sustainable and decarbonized energy production and distribution.
The project NEST is totally interconnected with the NextgenerationEu Program, Horizon Europe Cluster 5: Climate, Energy and Mobility and, in particular, with those Italian actions of the PNRR that aim to boost the uptake of renewable energy with specific measures on several levels: investing in new green energy technologies, green hydrogen and sustainable biofuels, interoperability and smart integration in the different sectors, new, environmentally friendly materials with low carbon footprint. Within this framework the network created by NEST will act as an innovative excellence ecosystem able to promote innovation through the systematic connection of the energy research with the whole productive system. The network NEST has the primary mission to build a competent Italian leadership, consistent with existing excellence of the partners and affiliates, capable of supporting the growth of new generation of energy technologies, researchers and research infrastructures for a future sustainable and resilient energy sector.

Project duration: November 2022 - April 2026
Project status:
Funding:
Public institutions (Other projects /Project)
Website: fondazionenest.it/
Institute: Institut für Erneuerbare Energie

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Website of La Fondazione NEST

Scientific Publications

Journal article2025

Economic competitiveness of BIPV in energy sharing configurations across selected European countries

Casalicchio V, Gonnella G, Maturi L, Barchi G

Grazia Barchi, Laura Maturi, Gabriella Gonnella, Valeria Casalicchio

Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) offer a promising solution for enhancing building energy efficiency and advancing the transition to renewable energy, particularly in urban environments where roof space is limited for traditional photovoltaic (PV) installations. However, compared to standard PV, the high installation costs associated with BIPV systems—stemming from their dual function as both architectural elements and energy generators—pose a significant barrier to their widespread adoption. This study examines the economic competitiveness and energy potential of BIPV systems in conjunction with energy-sharing mechanisms within Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) - specifically on a multi-family building scenario. It also assesses the impact of local photovoltaic incentives, in three representative European geo-clusters: Rome (Mediterranean), Vienna (Eastern), and Brussels (Continental Central). These cities were selected for their climatic diversity and recognition as European best practices in implementing provisions for RECs. The analysis compares the performance of BIPV systems with and without energy-sharing, accounting factors such as solar irradiation, financial incentives, and energy self-consumption. In Rome, energy-sharing integration increased the installed BIPV capacity by 70 %, while in Vienna, the increase was 292 % despite the absence of financial incentives. Brussels demonstrated a 59 % increase in installed BIPV capacity without incentives, which surged to 95 % with the introduction of green certificate incentives. These findings suggest that energy-sharing significantly enhances the economic viability of BIPV systems, even in regions with lower solar radiation. Additionally, while the higher upfront costs of BIPV systems can limit their adoption, energy-sharing mechanisms can effectively offset these costs, thereby improving the economic feasibility of BIPV installations.

DOI Quelle

DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2025.08.005

Journal article2025

Predicting the Electrical Behavior of Colored Photovoltaic Modules Integrating Absorptive or Diffusive Layers or PMMA Films Doped with Organic Chromophores

Pelle M, Motta I, Gonnella G, Dessì A, Armelao L, Bottaro G, Calamante M, Mordini A,

Gabriella Gonnella, Martina Pelle

The advancement of photovoltaic (PV) technology is critical for sustainable energy production, with silicon-based solar cells being the most prevalent due to their efficiency and cost-effectiveness. In recent years, the use of materials to change the color of conventional silicon-based PV cells, materials that can be laminated or not during the construction of the PV module, has become widespread. Colored PV cells offer aesthetic versatility, making them suitable for integrated architectural applications. However, these materials affect the performance of the final product. This study focuses on developing a predictive model for the performance of colored silicon PV cells. A comprehensive approach combining experimental data and computational simulations is employed to understand the impact of various colors on the electrical performance of colored PV modules, based on the optical properties of the colored layers. The model demonstrates high accuracy across a range of coloring technologies, including selective absorbers, diffusive layers, and fluorescent materials. The developed model accurately predicts the performance metrics of colored PV cells, providing valuable insights for optimizing design and material selection.

DOI Quelle

DOI: 10.1002/solr.202400570

Journal article2025

Redefining failure detection in PV Systems: a comparative study of GPT-4o and ResNet's computer vision in aerial infrared imagery analysis

Gallmetzer S, Sondoqah M, Turri E, Koester L, Louwen A, Moser D

Sandra Gallmetzer, Lukas Koester

The rapid growth of the solar photovoltaic industry underlines the importance of effective operation and maintenance strategies, particularly for large-scale systems. Aerial infrared thermography has become an essential tool for detecting anomalies in photovoltaic modules due to its cost-effectiveness and scalability. Continuous monitoring through advanced fault detection and classification methods can maintain optimal system performance and extend the life of PV modules. This study investigates the application of advanced artificial intelligence methods for fault detection and classification comparing the performance of GPT-4o, a multimodal large language model, and ResNet, a convolutional neural network renowned for image classification tasks. Our research evaluates the effectiveness of both models using infrared images, focusing on binary defect detection and multiclass classification. ResNet demonstrated advantages in terms of computational efficiency and ease of implementation. Conversely, GPT-4o offered superior adaptability and interpretability, effectively analysing multimodal data to identify and explain subtle anomalies in thermal imagery. However, its higher computational requirements limit its feasibility in resource-limited settings. The results highlight the complementary strengths of these models and provide valuable insights into their role in advancing automated fault diagnosis in photovoltaic systems.

DOI Quelle

DOI: 10.1051/epjpv/2025010

Journal article2024

Experimental evaluation of the temperature related behaviour of pigment based coloured BIPV modules integrated in a ventilated façade

Pelle M, Gubert M, Dalla Maria E, Astigarraga A, Avesani S, Maturi L

Martino Gubert, Alexander Astigarraga, Laura Maturi, Enrico Dalla Maria, Martina Pelle

Coloured BIPV installations require an accurate balance between aesthetic and energy aspects. This study explores the integration of Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) modules into building envelopes to enhance energy efficiency while maintaining aesthetic appeal. To achieve this goal, a real-scale mock-up was realized within the INFINITE project at the PV Integration Lab of Eurac Research to investigate the influence of aesthetic features (mainly given by different colors) on the energy performance of BIPV modules. Supported by an extensive monitoring campaign, this work delves into the performance of BIPV modules of five colors and finishes in both indoor and real exposure conditions. These modules serve as the outer layer of a prefabricated rain screen facade for building retrofitting. The study highlights that darker colors exhibit higher efficiency under standard test conditions but are also correlated with higher operating temperatures. Consequently, the differences in energy efficiency among the colors, observed during indoor tests, are significantly reduced when analyzing the energy produced under real exposure conditions. This observation underscores the intricate balance between maximizing energy generation and mitigating thermal stress on BIPV modules, while preserving aesthetic features. By providing empirical evidence of color-specific performance characteristics, this work offers insightful results for colored BIPV research and customized product optimization.

DOI Quelle

DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2024.114763

All Publications

Redefining failure detection in PV Systems: a comparative study of GPT-4o and ResNet's computer vision in aerial infrared imagery analysis
Gallmetzer S, Sondoqah M, Turri E, Koester L, Louwen A, Moser D (2025)
EDP Sciences
Zeitschriftenartikel
EPJ Photovoltaics

Weitere Informationen: https://doi.org/10.1051/epjpv/2025010

https://doi.org/10.1051/epjpv/2025010

Economic competitiveness of BIPV in energy sharing configurations across selected European countries
Casalicchio V, Gonnella G, Maturi L, Barchi G (2025)
Elsevier BV
Zeitschriftenartikel
Energy Reports

Weitere Informationen: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2025.08.005

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2025.08.005

Predicting the Electrical Behavior of Colored Photovoltaic Modules Integrating Absorptive or Diffusive Layers or PMMA Films Doped with Organic Chromophores
Pelle M, Motta I, Gonnella G, Dessì A, Armelao L, Bottaro G, Calamante M, Mordini A, Moser D (2025)
Wiley
Zeitschriftenartikel
Solar RRL

Weitere Informationen: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400570

https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400570

Project Partners

Universitá degli Studi di Pisa

ENEA, Italian National Agency for new Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development

Universität Genua

University of Rome Sapienza

ENGINEERING INGEGNERIA INFORMATICA SPA

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche

Fondazione Bruno Kessler.

Politecnico di Milano

Università degli Studi di Padova

IREN Spa

Exprivia S.p.a.

Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie S.r.l.

SNAM S.p.a.

Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.a.

Politecnico di Bari

Istituto di ricerca Ingenia S.r.l

IDEA75 S.r.l.

ARCO FC s.r.l.

Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia

Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II

Università degli Studi di Palermo

Università degli Studi di Cagliari

Polytechnic University of Turin

Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna

Technische
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Journal article2025

Economic competitiveness of BIPV in energy sharing configurations across selected European countries

Casalicchio V, Gonnella G, Maturi L, Barchi G

Grazia Barchi, Laura Maturi, Gabriella Gonnella, Valeria Casalicchio

DOI Quelle

DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2025.08.005

NEST